What is the principle behind a generator?

The principle behind a generator is the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generators function based on electromagnetic induction, which is the process of generating electric current through the motion of a conductor in a magnetic field. When mechanical energy, typically from a turbine or engine, is used to rotate the generator's armature within a magnetic field, electrons are displaced within the conductor. This displacement creates an electric current, effectively transforming the mechanical input into usable electrical output. This is foundational to energy generation in power plants, where kinetic energy from various sources (like water, wind, or steam) is used to produce electricity for consumption.