What does the abbreviation 'AC' stand for in electrical terminology?

In electrical terminology, the abbreviation 'AC' stands for Alternating Current. This is a fundamental concept in electricity, representing a type of current where the flow of electric charge periodically reverses direction. Unlike direct current (DC), where the flow of electricity consistently moves in one direction, alternating current can vary between positive and negative values over time, typically in a sinusoidal manner. This characteristic allows for the efficient transmission of electricity over long distances, which is why AC is predominantly used in power systems and household electrical supplies. The differences inherent in AC, such as frequency and phase angle, play significant roles in how electrical devices operate and are designed to function effectively within AC circuits.