In a neutral atom, the number of protons is what in relation to electrons?

In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. This equality is crucial because protons carry a positive charge, while electrons carry a negative charge. When these positive and negative charges balance each other out, the atom is neutral overall.

If the number of protons were greater or less than the number of electrons, the atom would then have a net charge, resulting in it being either positively or negatively charged. Therefore, in a neutral atom, the fundamental property of charge balance dictates that the number of protons and electrons must be the same. This foundational concept is essential in understanding atomic structure and behavior in electrical contexts.